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Orchard Terms and Definitions
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There are 33 entries in the definition.
Pages: 1
Term Definition
abdomenPosterior segment of the body of insects, spiders, and mites that hold the genital organs
 
anteriorfront. Aren\'t fancy terms great?
 
apple varietyAn Apple variety is a specific  genotype of Apple. All apples are propagated from plant tissue called scions, not from seeds as many people suppose.
 
ascosporesSack like pouches the develops on fruit and releases fungus spores.
 
bacillus thuringiensesThis is a bacterium which is selectively toxic to many moth and butterfly larvae (caterpillars). The insects stop feeding and die within 2 to 3 days of ingestion. There is no residue problem, and being exempt from tolerance requirements, this product may be applied at the recommended amounts up to the day of harvest.
 
beneficialspecies that is useful in managing pest species. Example: Lady bugs eat red mites that damage Apple leaves, Thus the Ladybug can be called \"beneficials\" in that scenario.
 
burr knotA mass of tender root tissue that develops above soil level on the trunk of young apple trees
 
bushelA dry measure containing 4 pecks equivelant to 2,150.42 cubic inches (US). The approximate weight of a bushel of apples is 42 pounds.
 
callusA mass of undirrerentiated cells often formed in response to wounding
 
calyxThe external leafy green part of the apple flower. It is on the \"bottom\" of the mature apple.
 
cambiumThe tissue that lies between and is the source of the phloem and xylem
 
cankerLesion caused by a pathogen that develops in the vegetative tissue of a leaf, bud scar, trunk, etc.
 
caudalpertaing to the tail or the posterior of the body
 
chlorophyllThe gree photosynthetic pigment of the plant
 
chlorosisThe condition in which leaves turn pale green, yellow, or yellow white due to either insufficient or destroyed chlorophyll.
 
direct pestA direct pest ia pest  that causes damage to the fruit itself. Every injury dierctly damages fruit. Examples: apple maggot, codling moth, plum curculio, red banded leaf roller.
 
dorsaltop surface
 
economic thresholdthe level at which pest populations begin to cause economic losses to a crop that are greater than the cost ofthat are greater than the cost of treatment
 
hostAn organism that harbors one or several parasites, AND which they feed onfor their development.
 
indirect pestAn indirect pest causes damage to the tree, bark, foilage, or roots. This damage may weaken the tree and affect the fruit quality. A certain level of damage may be tolerated without any significant loos of fruit or fruit quality.  Examples: red mites, aphids,l eafhoppers.
 
innoculumThe living part of the pathogen, usually the spores, that initiates siseas or cause it to spread.
 
integrated pest managment

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) is an effective and environmentally sensitive approach to pest management that relies on a combination of common-sense practices. IPM programs use current, comprehensive information on the life cycles of pests and their interaction with the environment. This information, in combination with available pest control methods, is used to manage pest damage by the most economical means, and with the least possible hazard to people, property, and the environment.


 
IPMSee Integrated Pest Management
 
larvaIn insects with complete metamorphosis, the immature stage between the egg and the pupal stage
 
lenticela region of loosely packed cells on the surface of stemsor fruit that permit air exchang; often they appear as numerous raised, small, oval or rounded spots  on the stem, branch or fruit.
 
lesionsA localized pathological change in a fruit, branhes, leaves or tissue.
 
organic

Agriculture which is an ecological production management system that promotes and enhances biodiversity, biological cycles and soil biological activity. It is based on minimal use of off-farm inputs and on management practices that restore, maintain and enhance ecological harmony.

 
peckA peck is equal to 1/4 of a bushel, the approximate weight of a peck of apples is 10 1/2 pounds.
 
rootstockRoot or part of a root used for plant propagation; especially that part of a grafted plant that supplies the roots. Apple rootstocks have variety names the same as the scions
 
Scion

Scion: a detached living portion of a plant joined to a stak in grafting and usually supplying solely aerial parts to a graft ; a segment of a cane or shoot of one to several buds that is grafted onto a stock

The scion of an Apple Tree is the top part of the grafted tree.

 
sporeA small, usually single-celled reproductive body that is highly resistant to desiccation and heat and is capable of growing into a new organism, produced especially by certain bacteria, fungi, algae, and nonflowering plants.
 
SuckerA vigorous shoot that grows from a root system at ground level.
 
trussa cluster of flowers or fruit
 


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